This tutorial demonstrates the powerful graphics capabilities of C#'s Graphics class, including shapes, brushes, pens, textures, gradients, line styles and general paths (which can be used to create your own two-dimensional shapes). The tutorial is intended for students and professionals who are already familiar with C# graphical user interface fundamentals. Download the examples for this tutorial here.

[Notes: This tutorial is an excerpt (Section 17.9) of Chapter 17, Graphics and Multimedia, from our textbook Visual C# 2005 How to Program, 2/e. This tutorial may refer to other chapters or sections of the book that are not included here. Permission Information: Deitel, Harvey M. and Paul J., Visual C# How to Program, 2/E ©2006. Electronically reproduced by permission of Pearson Education, Inc., Upper Saddle River, New Jersey.]

Fig. 17.21 Shapes drawn on a form. (Part 1 of 2.)

1   // Fig. 17.21: DrawShapes.cs

2   // Drawing various shapes on a Form.

3   using System;

4   using System.Drawing;

5   using System.Drawing.Drawing2D;

6   using System.Windows.Forms;

7

8    // draws shapes with different brushes

9    public partial class DrawShapesForm : Form

10    {

11       // default constructor

12       public DrawShapesForm()

13       {

14          InitializeComponent();

15       } // end constructor

16

17       // draw various shapes on Form

18       private void DrawShapesForm_Paint( object sender, PaintEventArgs e )

19       {

20          // references to object we will use

21         Graphics graphicsObject = e.Graphics;

22

23          // ellipse rectangle and gradient brush

24          Rectangle drawArea1 = new Rectangle( 5, 35, 30, 100 );

25          LinearGradientBrush linearBrush =

26             new LinearGradientBrush ( drawArea1, Color.Blue,

27                Color.Yellow, LinearGradientMode.ForwardDiagonal );

28

29          // draw ellipse filled with a blue-yellow gradient

30          graphicsObject.FillEllipse( linearBrush, 5, 30, 65, 100 );

31

32          // pen and location for red outline rectangle

33          Pen thickRedPen = new Pen( Color.Red, 10 );

34          Rectangle drawArea2 = new Rectangle( 80, 30, 65, 100 );

35

36          // draw thick rectangle outline in red

37          graphicsObject.DrawRectangle( thickRedPen, drawArea2 );

38

39          // bitmap texture

40          Bitmap textureBitmap = new Bitmap( 10, 10 );

41

42          // get bitmap graphics

43          Graphics graphicsObject2 =

44             Graphics.FromImage( textureBitmap );

45

46          // brush and pen used throughout program

47          SolidBrush solidColorBrush =

48             new SolidBrush( Color.Red );

49          Pen coloredPen = new Pen( solidColorBrush );

50

51          // fill textureBitmap with yellow

52          solidColorBrush.Color = Color.Yellow;

53          graphicsObject2.FillRectangle( solidColorBrush, 0, 0, 10, 10 );

54

55          // draw small black rectangle in textureBitmap

56          coloredPen.Color = Color.Black;

57          graphicsObject2.DrawRectangle( coloredPen, 1, 1, 6, 6 );

58

59          // draw small blue rectangle in textureBitmap

60          solidColorBrush.Color = Color.Blue;

61          graphicsObject2.FillRectangle( solidColorBrush, 1, 1, 3, 3 );

62

63          // draw small red square in textureBitmap

64          solidColorBrush.Color = Color.Red;

65          graphicsObject2.FillRectangle( solidColorBrush, 4, 4, 3, 3 );

66

67          // create textured brush and

68          // display textured rectangle

69          TextureBrush texturedBrush =

70             new TextureBrush( textureBitmap );

71          graphicsObject.FillRectangle( texturedBrush, 155, 30, 75, 100 );

72

73          // draw pie-shaped arc in white

74          coloredPen.Color = Color.White;

75          coloredPen.Width = 6;

76          graphicsObject.DrawPie( coloredPen, 240, 30, 75, 100, 0, 270 );

77

78          // draw lines in green and yellow

79          coloredPen.Color = Color.Green;

80          coloredPen.Width = 5;

81          graphicsObject.DrawLine( coloredPen, 395, 30, 320, 150 );

82

83          // draw a rounded, dashed yellow line

84          coloredPen.Color = Color.Yellow;

85          coloredPen.DashCap = DashCap.Round;

86          coloredPen.DashStyle = DashStyle.Dash;

87          graphicsObject.DrawLine( coloredPen, 320, 30, 395,v150 );

88       } // end method DrawShapesForm_Paint

89    } // end class DrawShapesForm