C++ How to Program, 5/e

ISBN: 0-13-185757-6 © 2005 pages: 1500 Buy the Book!

This tutorial introduces ANSI/ISO C++'s stream formatting capabilties, including stream manipulators, justification, padding, integer formats, floating-point number formats, uppercase/lowercase control, formatting booleans as strings, and setting and restoring stream format states. This tutorial is intented for students and developers who are familiar with basic C++ input and output techniques using cin and cout. The techniques shown here can also be applied to file-based streams or other streams that extend the standard C++ stream class hierarchy.

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[Note: This tutorial is an excerpt (Section 15.7) of Chapter 15, Stream Input/Output, from our textbook C++ How to Program, 5/e. These tutorials may refer to other chapters or sections of the book that are not included here. Permission Information: Deitel, Harvey M. and Paul J., C++ HOW TO PROGRAM, ©2005, pp.787-797. Electronically reproduced by permission of Pearson Education, Inc., Upper Saddle River, New Jersey.]

15.7 Stream Format States and Stream Manipulators (Continued)

15.7.6 Uppercase/Lowercase Control (uppercase)

Stream manipulator uppercase outputs an uppercase X or E with hexadecimal-integer values or with scientific-notation floating-point values, respectively (Fig. 15.19). Using stream manipulator uppercase also causes all letters in a hexadecimal value to be uppercase. By default, the letters for hexadecimal values and the exponents in scientific-notation floating-point values appear in lowercase. To reset the uppercase setting, output the stream-manipulator nouppercase.

 1  // Fig. 15.19: Fig15_19.cpp
 2  // Stream manipulator uppercase.
 3  #include <iostream>
 4  using std::cout;
 5  using std::endl;
 6  using std::hex;
 7  using std::showbase;
 8  using std::uppercase;
 9
10  int main()
11  {
12     cout << "Printing uppercase letters in scientific" << endl
13        << "notation exponents and hexadecimal values:" << endl;
14
15     // use std:uppercase to display uppercase letters; use std::hex and
16     // std::showbase to display hexadecimal value and its base
17     cout << uppercase << 4.345e10 << endl
18        << hex << showbase << 123456789 << endl;
19     return 0;
20  } // end main

 Printing uppercase letters in scientific
 notation exponents and hexadecimal values:
 4.345E+010
 0X75BCD15