1   // Fig 11.7: Array.cpp
 2   // Member-function definitions for class Array
 3   #include <iostream>
 4   using std::cerr;
 5   using std::cout;
 6   using std::cin;
 7   using std::endl;
 8
 9   #include <iomanip>
10   using std::setw;
11
12   #include <cstdlib> // exit function prototype
13   using std::exit;
14
15   #include "Array.h" // Array class definition
16
17   // default constructor for class Array (default size 10)
18   Array::Array( int arraySize )
19   {
20      size = ( arraySize > 0 ? arraySize : 10 ); // validate arraySize
21      ptr = new int[ size ]; // create space for pointer-based array
22
23      for ( int i = 0; i < size; i++ )
24         ptr[ i ] = 0; // set pointer-based array element
25   } // end Array default constructor
26
27   // copy constructor for class Array;
28   // must receive a reference to prevent infinite recursion
29   Array::Array( const Array &arrayToCopy )
30      : size( arrayToCopy.size )
31   {
32      ptr = new int[ size ]; // create space for pointer-based array
33
34      for ( int i = 0; i < size; i++ )
35         ptr[ i ] = arrayToCopy.ptr[ i ]; // copy into object
36   } // end Array copy constructor
37
38   // destructor for class Array
39   Array::~Array()
40   {
41      delete [] ptr; // release pointer-based array space
42   } // end destructor
43
44   // return number of elements of Array
45   int Array::getSize() const
46   {
47      return size; // number of elements in Array
48   } // end function getSize
49
50   // overloaded assignment operator;
51   // const return avoids: ( a1 = a2 ) = a3
52   const Array &Array::operator=( const Array &right )
53   {
54      if ( &right != this ) // avoid self-assignment
55      {
56         // for Arrays of different sizes, deallocate original
57         // left-side array, then allocate new left-side array
58         if ( size != right.size )
59         {
60            delete [] ptr; // release space
61            size = right.size; // resize this object
62            ptr = new int[ size ]; // create space for array copy
63         } // end inner if
64
65         for ( int i = 0; i < size; i++ )
66            ptr[ i ] = right.ptr[ i ]; // copy array into object
67      } // end outer if
68
69      return *this; // enables x = y = z, for example
70   } // end function operator=
71
72   // determine if two Arrays are equal and
73   // return true, otherwise return false
74   bool Array::operator==( const Array &right ) const
75   {
76      if ( size != right.size )
77         return false; // arrays of different number of elements
78
79      for ( int i = 0; i < size; i++ )
80         if ( ptr[ i ] != right.ptr[ i ] )
81            return false; // Array contents are not equal
82
83      return true; // Arrays are equal
84   } // end function operator==
85
86   // overloaded subscript operator for non-const Arrays;
87   // reference return creates a modifiable lvalue
88   int &Array::operator[]( int subscript )
89   {
90      // check for subscript out-of-range error
91      if ( subscript < 0 || subscript >= size )
92      {
93         cerr << "\nError: Subscript " << subscript
94            << " out of range" << endl;
95         exit( 1 ); // terminate program; subscript out of range
96      } // end if
97
98      return ptr[ subscript ]; // reference return
99   } // end function operator[]
100
101  // overloaded subscript operator for const Arrays
102  // const reference return creates an rvalue
103  int Array::operator[]( int subscript ) const
104  {
105     // check for subscript out-of-range error
106     if ( subscript < 0 || subscript >= size )
107     {
108        cerr << "\nError: Subscript " << subscript
109           << " out of range" << endl;
110        exit( 1 ); // terminate program; subscript out of range
111     } // end if
112
113     return ptr[ subscript ]; // returns copy of this element
114  } // end function operator[]
115
116  // overloaded input operator for class Array;
117  // inputs values for entire Array
118  istream &operator>>( istream &input, Array &a )
119  {
120     for ( int i = 0; i < a.size; i++ )
121        input >> a.ptr[ i ];
122
123     return input; // enables cin >> x >> y;
124  } // end function
125
126  // overloaded output operator for class Array
127  ostream &operator<<( ostream &output, const Array &a )
128  {
129     int i;
130
131     // output private ptr-based array
132     for ( i = 0; i < a.size; i++ )
133     {
134        output << setw( 12 ) << a.ptr[ i ];
135
136        if ( ( i + 1 ) % 4 == 0 ) // 4 numbers per row of output
137           output << endl;
138     } // end for
139
140     if ( i % 4 != 0 ) // end last line of output
141        output << endl;
142
143     return output; // enables cout << x << y;
144  } // end function operator<<